The new discipline of International Companies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1757 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? International business is a relatively new discipline, it is very dynamic.ÂÂ   Customization and price from the low-cost production base from the competition in international competitors, the competitive pressure on the local challenges of international companies. These companies make a choice between a standardized product to the location of the lower manufacturing costs and the cost advantage through customer and the establishment if customized products plants in different countries, no matter which may involve high cost. (International Business, 2010) International marketing is usually not as simple as marketing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The new discipline of International Companies" essay for you Create order The product is more than one country.ÂÂ  This is the performance of commercial activities, direct the flow of goods and services companies in several countries, the consumers or users profitnternational marketing. In this case, this is the concept of planning and execution, pricing, promotion, and of ideas, goods and services, distribution, create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals in the process include multinational companies. Furthermore, companies must consider their position in the market is close to the language barrier, ideals, and customs.ÂÂ  This strategy uses a state in a strong domestic technology used in the promotion. (International Marketing, 2010) International business is a relatively new discipline, it is very dynamic. International business is different, because of domestic enterprises from the political system, economic system, legal system and cultural differences any be in any country. Political system is the system of gove rnment in a nation. Political system can be assessed according to two related dimension which are collectivism opposed individualism moreover democracy and totalitarianism. These dimensions are interrelated because the systems that emphasize collectivism tend to be totalitarian while systems that place a high value on individualism tend to be democratic. The term collectivism refers to a system that stresses the primacy of collective goals over individual goals. Individualism is the opposite of collectivism. In political sense, individualism refers to a philosophy that an individual should have freedom in his or her economic and political pursuits. Democracy and totalitarianism in the political level, for different purposes. Democracy is a political system is the peoples government, to exercise directly or through elected representatives. Its a totalitarian form of government in which political parties exercise one or all areas of human life, absolute control, opposition parti es were banned. Political system may be affect International business because of different function play role in political system performance, democratic and totalitarian political regimes was compared and how its can influence the managerial functions. (The Political and Legal Environment Facing Business, 2010) Economic Economic system can be identified into three broad of types which are market economy, a command economy and a mixed economy. In a pure market economy, the goods and services a country produces, and the quantity in which they are produced, is not planned by anyone. It is determined by the interaction of supply and demand and signaled to producers through the price system. If demand for a product exceeds supply, prices will rise, signaling producers to produce more. If supply exceeds demand, prices will fall, signaling producers to produce less. In this system consumers are sovereign. It is the purchasing patterns of consumers, as signaled to producers thr ough the mechanism of the price system, that determines what is produced and in what quantity. In a pure command economy, the goods and services that a country produces, the quantity in which they are produced, and the prices at which they are sold, are all planned by the government. Consistent with the collectivist ideology, the objective of a command economy is for government to allocate resources for the good of society. In between market economies and command economies can be found mixed economies. In a mixed economy, certain sectors of the economy are left to private ownership and free market mechanisms, while in other sectors there is significant state ownership and government planning. In general, the more developed countries are rich countries, poor countries with less developed and newly industrialized those who move from poverty to prosperity. ÂÂ  These differences are usually in the per capita gross domestic product (GDP / per capita) basis. With better educ ation, infrastructure, technology, health care, etc., are often related to their higher level of economic development may be affected international business. (IHYPERLINK https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Gr-Int/International-Business.htmlnternationalHYPERLINK https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Gr-Int/International-Business.html HYPERLINK https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Gr-Int/International-Business.htmlBusinessHYPERLINK https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Gr-Int/International-Business.html, 2010) Legal system A countrys legal system or legal system of rules is accompanied by a specification which countrys laws are enforced through the complaint process and the behavior of a remedy. Property refers to the use of resources is a bundle of legal rights and more than any possible gains achieved by the use of resources. In International business, the countries differ in terms of how their legal system define and protect prope rty rights. Property rights can be violated through private actions and public actions. Contract is a document that took place under the conditions and details of the exchange of rights and responsibilities of the parties.ÂÂ   Contract law is the law of the institution, governing the contract execution. The different types of legal systems and the legal relationships that exist between countries may be affected International business. If a behavior is not good, it may direct affect the relationship between each other, so in International business also same. The major legal issue is also very important for International business. While the legal issue is occurs, the problem need to be solved. (The Political and Legal Environment Facing Business, 2010ÂÂ  ) Culture Culture is a values and norms. Values can be refers to an abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable. Norms can be defined as the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations. Values and norms are shared by the society. Society refers to a group of people who share a common set of values and norms. Language is the source of culture may be affect International business. Language is one of the way how the people communicate with each other. Different countries speak in the different languages. For example, Mexicos people speak Spanish, if Malaysia and Mexico do International business, Malaysian need to know how to speak Spanish, so that they can communicate with each other. International Marketing The marketing mix will affect in the international marketing. The marketing mix consists of 4Ps which is product, price, place and promotion. The 4Ps are the parameter; the marketing manager can control, subject to market conditions, internal and external constraints. The goal is to make the decision in the center of the 4Ps target markets cognitive customers to create assessment and produce an optimistic reaction. If the input costs, pricing, advertising and distribution may be in different countries, selection of a company to sell their goods or services significantly common marketing problems. Therefore argued that the key to a successful business consultant international marketing of any business. Whether it is a multinational company or small start-up companies, it is the ability to adapt, manage and coordinate in a strange foreign environment, well-designed plan. Product Product is the physical product or service offered to the consumer. Product is a material product or service to the consumer. In the case of physical products, it is also means that any services or facilities, is part of this release. These examples are the brand name, function, shape, quantity, safety, packaging, maintenance and support, warranty, accessories and services. Language should be consider whether the national culture is not primarily a high-context cultures and low context culture between the concepts involved in verbal and nonverbal communication balance. It carries the low-context culture and language of communication focus. However, the high-context culture and language is often not the direct exchange of information. Religion in the international marketing is different from religions which may be encountered. Companies need to ensure that their products and services are not offensive, illegal or offensive to the local country. This includes marketing and branding. Values and attitudes between countries and even within countries are different.ÂÂ  I n addition, the adoption of a product or service overseas, to ensure a good grasp of the locality before entering the market.ÂÂ  This means that subtle changes in materials or branding message.ÂÂ  There may also have a problem, when the management of local staff. For example, workers in France tend to have vacation for the whole month of August, but for the United States, they prefer to take a couple of weeks for vacation throughout the whole year. Price Pricing decisions should take into account the profits and the possible reaction of competitors pricing. Pricing includes not only pricing, but also discounts, financing, leasing and other options. For example for price, pricing strategies, the suggested retail price, quantity discounts and wholesale prices, cash and early payment discounts, seasonal pricing, bundling, price elasticity and price discrimination. Place The decision is to place those with the distribution channels for products as a means to target the customers. For example placing decision-making is sales channels, market coverage, the specific channel members, inventory management, warehousing, distribution center, order processing, transport and reverse logistics. Promotion Promotion decisions are the relationship between sales and communications to potential consumers. As the cost price in a large fraction of products, break-even analysis, decision-making should be promoted. This is very useful to know the assessment of customers to establish whether they should be more customer acquisition costs. For example of promotion is a promotional strategy for promotion decisions, advertising, personal selling and sales promoters, public relations and publicity and marketing communications budget. In the year of 2007, the pig year, all advertising, including the pig image is prohibited for one year. This is to maintain the countrys Muslim population of about 2% of the harmony. The ban included with pork sausage, or even advertisement, including animated images of pigs. Each level of education and international markets will naturally be different.ÂÂ  This may affect the type of message, and even the media you employ. For example, in countries with low literacy levels, advertisers will avoid a written copy of the communication depends upon, and in favor of the billboard with the audio information or visual media such as radio advertising. The labeling of products may also be a problem. Conclusion To made the International business to be successful, we need to know how political system, economic system, legal system and cultural affect the International business. Moreover, we also need to know how political system, economic system, legal system and cultural affect the product, price, promotion and place.

Essay on Tsar Alexander IIIs Reign - 2176 Words

Tsar Alexander IIIs Reign The reign of Tsar Alexander II was one that demonstrated a great change in action, attitude and policy to that of his father, Tsar Alexander II, The Tsar Liberator. Historians have long labelled Tsar Alexander II as a Liberal, reforming ruler and his son as a reactionary, oppressive heir to his legacy. Hingley argues that his thirteen years of reign were spent ...systematically destroying all of his fathers work. The choice facing Tsar Alexander III when he ascended to the throne was a difficult one. There were two routes that he could follow: to continue the tentative steps that his father had made into reform or to back track into Conservatism in an attempt to†¦show more content†¦It is interesting, as Hingley comments, that the reign of Tsar Alexander III was ...in keeping with the tendency for stern, uncomplicated Romanov Tsars to alternate with those of gentler and more elusive temperament. This illustrates well the situation in Russia at the accession of Tsar Alexan der III, and the atmosphere throughout the majority of his reign, that it was almost diametrically opposed to that of his fathers This was his reaction to the assassination of his father. Where the Nihilists had attempted to bring a more democratic and liberal governing to Russia in the assassination they had inadvertently brought into rule a Tsar whose approach from the outset of his reign could have not have been more different. Not only this, but the actions of the Peoples Will had hardened Tsar Alexander IIIs resolve that any attempts at reform were dangerous and could only affect the stability of the monarchy. He had seen the proof for himself, that the introduction of reform could only entertain criticism and opposition to the Tsarist regime. Thus detrimentally affecting the future of the autocratic government. 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Another reason for emancipation was made clear in a quote from Alexander II in March Read MoreCompare and contrast Alexander II and Alexander III Essay1139 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Compare and contrast Alexander II and Alexander III Although they were father and son, the reigns of Alexander II and Alexander III took off in completely different directions. Alexander II was committed to his empire by vowing to reform Russia, making it more in line with nineteenth-century western society. His son, on the other hand, was the unprepared tsar, whose actions were literally reactions to his father’s unexpected assassination. Consequently, Alexander II went down in history as muchRead MoreComparison Between Alexander Ii and Iii Essay1572 Words   |  7 PagesCOMPARATIVE ESSAY BETWEEN ALEXANDER II AND III Tsar Alexander II and III while father and son had very different ambitions as Tsar and different view for the future of the empire. Alexander III succeeded to his father’s throne in 1894. 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His timid personality, coupled with his lack of political education and military experience, made him unfit to calm the war-fueled chaos that would soon envelop Russia. Nicholas’ series of unfortunate, unprepared andRead MoreWhat Did Joseph Stalin Could Be Considered A Red Tsar?2360 Words   |  10 PagesJoseph Stalin could be considered a ‘Red tsar’ Soso Djugashvili, more commonly known as Joseph Stalin, ‘man of steel’, dictator of the Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Russia, can be considered a ‘Red Tsar’ to an extent when features of Stalinism are compared to those of Tsarism and Russia ruled by Nicholas II’s autocratic regime from 1894 to 1917. 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The government purportedly held back food relief pending the confirmation of statistical evidence statingRead MoreRussia Notes as/A2 1881-19147263 Words   |  30 Pagesused on farms – subsistence farming. †¢ Largest standing army in Europe. †¢ No political parties and the press was heavily censored. †¢ Fierce loyalty to the Tsar – often enforced by brutal secret police. †¢ Royalty owned most of the land – Tsar’s estate was larger than some countries. †¢ 1861 – Tsar Alexander II freed serfs but peasants still tied to land. †¢ Aristocracy could no longer buy/sell peasants and they could freely marry. †¢ Government loans given to peasants

“Nobody Knows” and “Maboroshi” Films about Pain and Struggle Free Essays

These two Japanese films were directed by the critically acclaimed director Hirokazu Koreida. Both films were well accepted by the general public. These two films also garnered numerous awards and are known for their compelling storylines. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Nobody Knows† and â€Å"Maboroshi†: Films about Pain and Struggle or any similar topic only for you Order Now Film critics around the world praised these two films on almost every department. â€Å"Maboroshi† was released in 1995, while â€Å"Nobody Knows† was released in 2004. There is a noticeable gap between the times these two movies were released, but director Hirokazu Koreida never lost his style and vision in film making. â€Å"Maboroshi† is Koreida’s first film. It revolves around the life of a woman named Yomiko. After her husband committed suicide, she was left miserable and alone. She struggled to put the past behind as she was consumed by pain and depression. As she struggles to battle her own insecurities, regrets and doubts, she is forced to resolve the inexplicable cause for her grief through an eventual renewal of love and companionship. It seems that Yumiko cannot escape the ghost of the past. Yet, she has renewed hope and comfort in the arms of another man. She decided to marry this man who is a fisherman. This man was lost after a storm came while he was fishing at the sea. After his return, Yomiko was never the same. Her doubts and fears have consumed her. She was also troubled with anxiety. She was stuck in the past, lost in thoughts that could bring pain and depression. These are the reasons why she could not fully commit herself to her second husband. The film â€Å"Nobody knows† is a story about four children who were abandoned by their parents. The film was based on actual events which took place in 1988. It was said that the actual even was more depressing than the movie adaptation. The story begins when a woman named Keiko abandons her young children in a shabby apartment in an unknown Japanese city. She left her children with almost no money for survival. Her character shows us how irresponsible parents could be. Akira, her eldest son, took the role of their parents. He had to take care of his three siblings. He tried his best to be a good parent by borrowing money from people he knew and even gave gifts for his siblings during Christmas. The film gives a picture of how hard life can be in an urban setting, where life is fast and only the fittest would survive. The film is about the struggle of these four children in finding comfort, security, happiness and salvation. Film Analysis and Comparison The analysis and comparison will be divided into three parts. The first part will tackle the technical aspects of both films. Then the second part will tackle the theme and the story of both films. We will try to see if the two films are somewhat parallel. The last part of the analysis and comparison is about the message of the two films. Technical Aspects Since both films were directed by the same person, they do not differ that much in terms of the technical stuff. These two films boast greatness in cinematography. The shots were meticulously framed and scenes were carefully orchestrated. The lighting in both films helped a lot in accentuating the mood and emotion that a certain scene elicits. This was more evident in â€Å"Maboroshi†. The film has a distinct imagery which was achieved by the contrast of colors and proper lighting effects. There are scenes from the film that actually looks like a canvass. The primary colors came in very effectively to highlight certain objects. An example would be the moving vehicles which brings luminous contrast. Even just the small details like the pink ball thrown by a child, the illuminated rooms bathed in light, and the blue paint in fishing boats were are all captivating. The film is pleasing to the eye. The scenes from this film were shot from a distance, making it more like a piece of artwork. This actually makes the audience feel distant from the characters and the story. â€Å"Maboroshi† could be described as an art film that is crafted by a master artist. Just like â€Å"Maboroshi†, â€Å"Nobody Knows† can also be called an art film. It is quite different because it is like a documentary. The film feels more like a documentary on the story of the four abandoned children rather than a regular film. It is quite noticeable that there are only few dialogues in both films. Certain scenes are actually shot pretty long and camera movement was seldom. The sparse dialogue and minimalist production actually worked well with â€Å"Nobody Knows† because it made the film more authentic. The movie’s slow pace and quietness made the plot build up more emotional. The set’s close quarters and bright lighting puts emphasis on the isolation and loneliness of the children’s apartment. The documentary style of filming that was employed in this film allowed the audience to see things from the children’s point of view. Both films were well directed and the actors gave a wonderful performance. Since dialogue was sparse in both films, the body movement and facial expression of the actors had to play a big part in the story telling. We should applaud the actors in both films because they delivered well in this department. A number of them actually garnered acting awards. Yuya Yugira (Akira) from â€Å"Nobody Knows† won best actor at the Cannes Film Festival. He was only a novice at that time. Koreida revealed the emotions and thoughts of his characters through the use of body movement and facial expressions. Emotions could be felt even by just looking at the eyes of the children. The best directors simply know how to use this style. The connection between the characters and the audience is the grand result of these stylistic choices. The Story and Theme If we look deeper into these two films, we will notice that their respective themes are quite parallel. â€Å"Maboroshi† and â€Å"Nobody Knows† both talk about pain and struggle. These two themes are the driving forces of the two films. If we look back and recall the plot of â€Å"Maboroshi†, we would notice that the story is about the pain and struggles that the main character (Yomiko) was going through. She was always in a situation wherein she has to confront her pain and struggles. This is the same for the movie â€Å"Nobody Knows†. The story was also about pain and struggle. The four abandoned kids had to go through a lot because they had irresponsible parents. The whole story was about their struggle for survival and their continuous search for salvation. The director employed the proper style and method to illustrate these two themes. The quietness and sparse dialogues helped a lot in relating these two themes to the audience. This is also the same reason why the two films are somewhat depressing. Although it’s necessary that films about these themes should be dark and gloomy, the use of contrast and a little bit of humor could still be effective. Director Hirokazu Koreida was successful in utilizing this style. In â€Å"Maboroshi†, he used contrast of colors to bring light into the overall mood of the story. He made the audience see beauty amidst the gloom that surrounds the film. In â€Å"Nobody Knows†, he used a bit of humor and optimism that is quite unexpected in the worst of situations. There was a part when one of the kids had these funny squeaking shoes which could represent the privilege of finding hope as they leave their shelter for the first time. The two films are about the universal concept of pain. They explore the emotion that makes us human. The question on how to deal with it is actually answered in the two films. Message Maboroshi is a Japanese word that loosely translates to â€Å"illusory light.† It is an incomprehensible mirage that occasionally unveils itself along the waves of the sea, leading many curious sailors to their impending doom. Its origin is still a mystery. Nobody knows why men are lured by its worldly promises. There are things in this world that cannot be explained. There are events that are incomprehensible. It only reminds us of our limitations and our humanity. The lesson that we can draw from the film is that there tragedies and misfortunes in life that we cannot immediately understand, but this does not mean that we should give up on our search for redemption and recovery. One must learn to accept these tragedies to be able to move on with life. The message that we can draw from â€Å"Nobody Knows† is similar to â€Å"Maboroshi†. The film shows us that there is hope amidst the worst of situations. Akira showed courage and devotion, even though it seemed that the weight of the world is upon him. The four siblings showed determination to survive, hoping that someday they will find a place in the harsh world they live in. â€Å"Maboroshi† and â€Å"Nobody Knows† were crafted artistically. They are unique, full of emotion, and captivating. They reach through the hearts of the audience, pleading for sympathy and compassion. These two films are undeniably deserving of the praise and recognition they have received.       How to cite â€Å"Nobody Knows† and â€Å"Maboroshi†: Films about Pain and Struggle, Essay examples